Great Seal > History > Final Seal > Thomson's Blazon
Charles Thomson's Description of His Design
for the Great Seal – June 1782
"Device for an Armorial Atchievement and Reverse
for a great Seal for the United States in Congress Assembled"
Text of above description for the front of the Seal:
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On a field Chevrons composed of seven pieces on one side & six on the other, joined together at the top in such wise that each of the six bears against or is supported by & supports two of the opposite side the pieces of the chevrons on each side alternate red & white. The shield born on the breast of an American Eagle on the wing & rising proper. In the dexter talon of the Eagle an Olive branch & in the sinister a bundle of Arrows. Over the head of the Eagle a Constellation of Stars surrounded with bright rays and at a little distance clouds.
Thomson obviously gave a lot of consideration to the shield design, introducing the theme of mutual support that led William Barton to suggest the 13 vertical stripes (states) supporting a chief (federal government) for the final shield.
Also, based on William Barton's advice, the eagle's stance was changed to "displayed," with wing tips up like we see today.
- The origin of chevrons comes from a pair of rafters meeting at the peak of a house.
- Proper means depicted in its true shape and natural color.
- Escutcheon = shield.
- Glory = rays of light.
- Or = gold.
- Argent = white.
